Reflector.



B. JONES, JR.

REFLECTOR.

APPLICATION IILEDJUNE16,1909.

1,050,466, Patented Jan. 14,1913.

2 SHEETSSHE'ET 1.

' B. JONES, JR.

REFLECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1909.

Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

wi T/vwo oeo BAs sn'rrr JONES, .73.,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REFLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 145, 1913.

Application filed June 15, 1909. Serial No. 502,257.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BAssn'rr Jones, J r., a citizen of the UnitedStates, and residing in the city of New York, borough ofManhattan,county and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Reflectors, of which the following is a full and clearspecification, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, theparticularly novel features'of the invention being more fully pointedout in the annexed claims.

My invention relates to means for the in direct lighting of rooms, inparticular large halls, stairways or the like, in order to obtain aperfectlydiflused light throughout the "whole-room.

The particular object of my invention is to permit the use of bareincandescent lamps suspended not more, or perhaps less, than two feetabove a glass area for the purpose of obtaining an even and diffusedflux of light through the said glass area and still preventing theappearance of bright spots over this area, due to the proximity of thelamps.

My device consists essentially of a curved reflector suspended above theglass area, the sides of the reflector being carried down to the borderof the sash which holds the glass, the whole arrangement being so as toproperly difluse and reflect the light from the lamp upon the sashsurface, the lamps being suspended tip down in the upper circularreflector, the upper portion of the reflector being somewhat sphericalor parabolic, or'having any other shape, as maybe best suited in anyparticular instance. Directly under the lamp is suspended a strip oftranslucent material of suitable proper ties to break up the image ofthe tip end,

filament of the lamp. I have found by experiments that the promightbroadly term a deflector, which is translucert to break the image of thefilament, not only absolutely removes this image, but also increases theefliciency of the reflecting device by an appreciable amount. The test'shave also shown that the use of such a reflector and deflector combinedin the manner which will be hereinafter described in detail, withreference to the accompanying drawings, very materially decreases theabsorption of light by the sash through which the illumination of theroom is obtained.

I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings various modificationsshowing how my invention may be reduced to practice. These modificationsare merely examples and do not constitute an exact limitation as to theform of the reflector and the deflector, as these might varyconsiderably, according to the distance at which the lamp is suspendedfrom the sash and also according to the purpose for which the device isused. In these drawings Figure 1 is a vertical. section through areflector, in which only a single lamp is used. Fig. 2 is a transversesection through a double reflector. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal verticalsection through such double reflector. Figs. 4 and 5 are modificationsof the form of the deflector shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

In Fig. 1, 1 is the shell or casing, which is open at the bottom. 2 isthe reflector, in the center of which the lamp 3 is disposed, tipdownward. downward on either side, as indicated at 4, to the rim of thecasing. Casing 1 is closed at the bottom by a sash 5, extending over thewhole. surface of the opening, which sash may consist of any suitabletransparent or translucent glass, but preferably socalled granite glassis used for hiding the structure of the reflector from the observer. Thedownward extensions 4 of the reflector 2 are at an angle, the degree ofwhich may vary according to the height at which the lamp 3 is disposedabove the sash and according to the width of the casing. However, itshould always be at such an angle as to reflect the light thrown fromthe lamp directly onto this extension, or indi- 'rectly from reflector 2onto itdown onto the sash 5. The reflector 2 may have any gsuitableshape, such as parabolic or partially s heric,so that all light whichstrikes the re ector will be either thrown onto the sash 5, or, aspreviously mentioned, onto the lateral extension 4: of the reflector andthence onto the sash. A suitable distance below lam 3 is suspended fromthe frame above a eflector 6, made of translucent material. While othersuitable material for this deflector may be used, which will break upthe tip end filament image of the lamp,

I prefer to use so-called granite glass,

which otherwise would tall onto the sash and throw it onto reflectorQ,from which it is in turn reflected directly or through lateralextensions 4 indirectly onto sash 5. By this arrangement it will be seenthat no image of the filament produced by the irregularities in theglass of the lamp bulb practical experiments. Tt is also important Ithat the deflector be disposed the exact dis- 5a ployed in order will bethrown onto the sash, but all the light radiated from the lamp will bethrown diflused onto the sash, so that it will be ot' practicallyuni-form intensity.

To obtain the proper deflection of light,

the deflector 6 must not necessarily have the shape as shown in Fig. 1,but it may be also shaped as, for instance, shown in Fig. 4:, in

which it has the form of a straight plate, or as shown in 5, in which itforms a trough with the opening downward. All these deflectors T havefound operate with good results so long as they intercept the directlight of the lamp onto the sash. (19f course it will be apparent to anyone skilled in the art that the shape of the reflector must beaccordingly to suit the shape of the deflector in order to obtain thebest results.

This, however, is a mere matter of skill and can be easily determined byfigures or by tance below the lamp accordin to the size and shape or thecasing, and tor this purpose T have shown, in Figs. 4. and 5, as anexample, how the hei ht of the deflector may be varied, by indicating athread on rod 7 on which the deflector is suspended and nuts 8, 8 on thethreaded portion of rod Z between which the deflector is held, whichnuts may be raised or lowered until the deflector is in the properposition.

The device shown in Fig. 1 is meant to contain only one single lamp, andsuch device will be suited for comparatively small sashes only. Forlarger sashes, for which a greater number of lamps must be emintensity,T prefer to use the modification shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The essentialfeatures of this modification, so far as the principle described aboveis concerned, are

fiuthe same as illustrated in Fig. 1, that is to say, the lamp 3 isdisposed centrally of the reflector, and the lateral walls are slantingat a suitable angle, and underneath the lamp is disposed the deflectorwhich inat tercepts the direct light thrown from the to obtain theproper light roaoaee lamp onto the sash 5. However, while the deviceshown in Fig. 1 is meant to be substantially equal in width and depth,the device illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 is composed of two devices ofthe form and width shown in Fig. 1, but of considerably greater depth,as shown in Fig.1), in order to accommodate a greater number of lamps.As already pointed out above, the shape of the device of course variesconsiderably with the shape of the sash to be illuminated. Themodification shown in Figs. 2 and 3 is meant to illustrate how a sash ofconsiderable area may be illuminated. Tn this case I prefer to use twoof the devices of the form shown in Fig. 1 in transverse section of adepth sufficient to accommodate, for instance, four lamps, as shown inFig. 3. The reflector 2, in this instance, extends substantiallyelliptically around the four lamps 3, and the deflector thus assumes theshape of a long trough to intercept the light from all four lamps to thesash 5, similarly as indicated in Fig. 1. Also, in this case, thedeflector may have the form of a plate or a downward opening trough, asshown in Figs. 4c and 5. By adding two of such units as shown in Fig. 1together, or course the lateral reflector extension adjoining that ofthe other unit 'must be omitted. However, in order to avoid, in thiscase, direct light from'the lamp falling beyond the edges of thedeflector (which for obvious reasons can not be made too large), andfrom directly striking sash 5, T provide a partition 9, which extendsfrom the point where the reflectors ot the two units join, as indicatedat 10, part way downward, a suflicient distance to shade off the lightnot intercepted by the deflector, from the sash. This wall will servethe same purpose as the lateral extension of the reflector, inasmuch asany light which might strike it directly from the lamp, or indirectlyfrom reflector 2, is reflected by it onto the sash. This partition 9extends throughout the whole depth of the device, as indicated in Fig.3.

The reflector may be made, of course, of any suitable material, forinstance, of polished metal or any kind, and the lateral extensions 4may be, for instance, painted flat white, so as to clifluse the light ascompletely as possible.

The device, of course, may be also used without the sash, where theappearance is immaterial, and a slightly higher efficiency may beobtained than with the sash. Through practical tests, T have, torinstance, tound that when omittin and using only a deflector thee ciencyof the. reflector increases from 44-33% to 48%; t4-1-% being theefliciency of the reflector without the deflector. With the use of adeflector and a sash of granite glass, the

the sash These tests, however, were made with a rather roughly builtpasteboard model and it is safe 'to' state that with a carefullybuiltdevice, with a good reflector and carefully painted lateral extensions,the" eiflciency wi not be below The actual appearance of the sash withthe deflector and refiecto-rin use is that of an absolutely evenlyilluminated surface in which the eye cannot detect any variation inintensity.

These reflectors may be built of standard width and of any lengthdesirable .to accommodate any number oflamps, as shown in Fig. 3, andany number of these units -may be placed side by side, as shown inbuilding so'that their windows open to airshafts only, through whichonly insuflicient daylight can be furnished. In such, instances,my'device when placed. outside of such windows, will give same the aparance as if they were evenly illuminated by daylight.

What I claim is:

1. In a reflectin device of the character described, the com inationwith a lamp, :3. reflector thereon to throw the light substantially inone direction, and a sash of suitable translucent material disposed at adistance from said lamp in said direction; of a deflector of translucentmaterial between the sash and the lamp forintercepting any direct lightthrownfrom said lamp onto said sash, said deflector suitably shaped tothrow a portion of the light striking it toward said reflector to bereflected onto said sash.

2. In a reflecting device of the character described, thecombinatio-nwith a lamp, a reflector thereon, and a casing open at thebottom containing said lamp and said reflector in the top, the sides ofsaid casing inclined at a suitable angle to form lateral extensions ofsaid reflector, a sash of transdirect light thrown from the lamp ontosaid, sash and suitably shaped to reflect the portion of the light notdiffused by it onto said -reflector and its extensions'to be. reflectedonto said sash.

3. In a reflecting device of the character described, thecombinationwith a lamp, a reflector thereon, and a casing open at the bottomcontaining said lamp and said. re-

flector in the top, the sides of said casing inclined at a suitableangle to form lateral extensions of said reflector, a sash oftranslucent material across-the bottom opening of'said casing, saidreflector and said ex: tensions reflecting the light of said lampstriking it onto said sash; of a trou h shaped deflectoroftranslucentmaterial disposed a suitable distancebelow the lamp and adapted todifl'use the direct light thrown from the lamp onto said sash andsuitably shgped to reflect the portion of the light not di used by itonto said reflector and its extensions to be reflected onto said sash.

4:.In a reflecting device of the character described, the combinationwith a casing open at the bottom and a sash of translucent materialdisposed across said opening and a lamp in the top of said casing; ofreflecting means on the walls. and in the top of the casing, anddeflecting translucent means-bei i tween said lamp and said sash forpreventing any direct light from said lamp from striking said sas adeflector of trans- 5. In a reflecting device of the characterdescribed, the combination with a casing open at the bottom and a sashof translucent material disposed acrosssaid opening and a lamp in thetop of saidcasing; of reflecting means on -the walls and in the top ofthe casing, and trough shaped deflecting and translucent means betweensaid lamp and said sash for preventin from said lamp from string saidsash. c BASSETT JONES, JR.

Witnesses:

LAURA E. MONK, H. ALFRED JANKE.

any direct light

